Instructions for Form 2555 - Introductory Material Future Developments What's New Exclusion amount. Reminder Tax home for individuals serving in a combat zone. General Instructions Purpose of Form General Information Note. Foreign country. Who Qualifies Tax home test. Example. Service in a combat zone. Travel to Cuba Waiver of Time Requirements Additional Information When To File When to claim the exclusion(s). Special extension of time to file. Amended return. Where To File Choosing the Exclusion(s) Additional child tax credit. Earned income credit. Foreign tax credit or deduction. IRA deduction. Figuring Tax on Income Not Excluded Specific Instructions Part I Line 1. Line 9. Part II Bona Fide Residence Test Line 10. Lines 12a and 12b. Lines 13a and 13b. Part III Physical Presence Test Line 16. Part IV Foreign Earned Income Income received in prior year. Income earned in prior year. Note. Line 20. Line 23. Line 25. Part VI Line 28. Second foreign household. Married couples. Same foreign household. Separate foreign households. Line 29a. Line 29b. Limit on Housing Expenses Worksheet—Line 29b Election to apply higher limit on housing expenses. More than one foreign location. Line 31. Example. Nontaxable U.S. Government allowances. Line 34. Self-employed individuals. Part VII Married couples. Community income. Part VIII Line 44. Line 45. Part IX Line 49. 1-year carryover. Housing Deduction Carryover Worksheet—Line 49 Instructions for Form 2555 (2024) Foreign Earned Income Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code unless otherwise noted. 2024 Instructions for Form 2555 - Introductory Material Future Developments For the latest information about developments related to Form 2555 and its instructions, such as legislation enacted after they were published, go to IRS.gov/Form2555. What's New Exclusion amount. For 2024, the maximum exclusion amount has increased to $126,500. Reminder Tax home for individuals serving in a combat zone. Certain individuals serving in a combat zone in support of the U.S. Armed Forces may nonetheless establish a tax home in the foreign country of the combat zone. For more information, see Tax home test under Who Qualifies, later. General Instructions Don't include on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 25a or 25b (federal income tax withheld from Form(s) W-2 or 1099, respectively), any taxes an employer withheld from your pay that were paid to the foreign country's tax authority instead of the U.S. Treasury. Purpose of Form If you qualify, you can use Form 2555 to figure your foreign earned income exclusion and your housing exclusion or deduction. You cannot exclude or deduct more than the amount of your foreign earned income for the year. General Information If you are a U.S. citizen or a resident alien living in a foreign country, you are subject to the same U.S. income tax laws that apply to U.S. citizens and resident aliens living in the United States. Note. Specific rules apply to determine if you are a resident or nonresident alien of the United States. See Pub. 519. Foreign country. A foreign country is any territory under the sovereignty of a government other than that of the United States. The term “foreign country” includes the country's territorial waters and airspace, but not international waters and the airspace above them. It also includes the seabed and subsoil of those submarine areas adjacent to the country's territorial waters over which it has exclusive rights under international law to explore and exploit the natural resources. The term “foreign country” doesn't include U.S. territories. It doesn't include the Antarctic region. Who Qualifies You qualify to exclude your foreign earned income from gross income if both of the following apply. You meet the tax home test (discussed later). You meet either the bona fide residence test or the physical presence test (discussed later). Note. Income from working abroad as an employee of the U.S. Government does not qualify for either of the exclusions or the housing deduction. Don't file Form 2555. Tax home test. To meet this test, your tax home must be in a foreign country, or countries (see Foreign country, earlier), throughout your period of bona fide residence or physical presence, whichever applies. For this purpose, your period of physical presence is the 330 full days during which you were present in a foreign country, or countries, not the 12 consecutive months during which those days occurred. Note. If you did not live 330 full days in a foreign country, or countries, during a 12-month period, you are not entitled to claim the foreign earned income exclusion. The 330 qualifying days do not have to be consecutive. Your tax home is your regular or principal place of business, employment, or post of duty, regardless of where you maintain your family residence. If you don't have a regular or principal place of business because of the nature of your trade or business, your tax home is your regular place of abode (the place where you regularly live). You aren't considered to have a tax home in a foreign country for any period during which your abode is in the United States, unless you are serving in support of the U.S. Armed Forces in an area designated as a combat zone. See Service in a combat zone, later. Otherwise, if your abode is in the United States, you will not meet the tax home test and cannot claim the foreign earned income exclusion. The location of your abode is based on where you maintain your family, economic, and personal ties. Your abode is not necessarily in the United States merely because you maintain a dwelling in the United States, whether or not your spouse and dependents use the dwelling. Your abode is not necessarily in the United States while you are temporarily in the United States. However, these factors can contribute to your having an abode in the United States. Example. You are employed on an offshore oil rig in the territorial waters of a foreign country and work a 28-day-on/28-day-off schedule. You return to your family residence in the United States during your off periods. You are considered to have an abode in the United States and don't meet the tax home test. You can't claim either of the exclusions or the housing deduction. Service in a combat zone. Citizens or residents of the United States serving in an area designated by the President of the United States by Executive order as a combat zone for purposes of section 112 in support of the U.S. Armed Forces can qualify as having a tax home in a foreign country, even if they have an abode within the United States. For a list of IRS-recognized combat zones, go to IRS.gov/Newsroom/Combat-Zones. Travel to Cuba Generally, if you were in Cuba in violation of U.S. travel restrictions, the following rules apply. Any time spent in Cuba can't be counted in determining if you qualify under the bona fide residence or physical presence test. Any income earned in Cuba isn't considered foreign earned income. Any housing expenses in Cuba (or housing expenses for your spouse or dependents in another country while you were in Cuba) aren't considered qualified housing expenses. Note. If you performed services at the U.S. Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay, you were not in violation of U.S. travel restrictions. Waiver of Time Requirements If your tax home was in a foreign country and you were a bona fide resident of, or physically present in, a foreign country and had to leave because of war, civil unrest, or similar adverse conditions, the minimum time requirements specified under the bona fide residence and physical presence tests may be waived. You must be able to show that you could have reasonably expected to meet the minimum time requirements if you hadn't been required to leave. Each year, the IRS will publish in the Internal Revenue Bulletin a list of the only countries that qualify for the waiver for the previous year and the dates they qualify. If you left one of the countries during the period indicated, you can claim the tax benefits on Form 2555, but only for the number of days you were a bona fide resident of, or physically present in, the foreign country. If you can claim either of the exclusions or the housing deduction because of the waiver of time requirements, attach a statement to your return explaining that you expected to meet the applicable time requirement, but the conditions in the foreign country prevented you from the normal conduct of business. Also, enter “Claiming Waiver” in the top margin on page 1 of Form 2555. Additional Information Pub. 54 has more information about the bona fide residence test, the physical presence test, the foreign earned income exclusion, and the housing exclusion and deduction. You can download this publication (as well as other forms and publications) at IRS.gov/Forms. When To File A 2024 calendar year Form 1040 or 1040-SR is generally due April 15, 2025. However, you are automatically granted a 2-month extension of time to file (to June 16, 2025, for a 2024 calendar year return) if, on the due date of your return, you live outside the United States and Puerto Rico and your tax home (defined earlier) is outside the United States and Puerto Rico. If using this extension, you must attach a statement to your return explaining that you meet these two conditions. The automatic 2-month extension also applies to paying the tax. However, you will owe interest on any tax not paid by the regular due date of your return. When to claim the exclusion(s). The first year you plan to take the foreign earned income exclusion and/or the housing exclusion or deduction, you may not yet have met either the physical presence test or the bona fide residence test by the due date of your return (including the automatic 2-month extension, discussed earlier). If this occurs, you can either: Apply for a special extension to a date after you expect to qualify, or File your return timely without claiming the exclusion and then file an amended return after you qualify. Special extension of time to file. To apply for this extension, complete and file Form 2350 with the Department of the Treasury, Internal Revenue Service Center, Austin, TX 73301-0045, before the due date of your return. Interest is charged on the tax not paid by the regular due date, as explained earlier. Amended return. File Form 1040-X to change a return you have already filed. Generally, Form 1040-X must be filed within 3 years after the date the original return was filed or within 2 years after the date the tax was paid, whichever is later. Where To File Attach Form 2555 to Form 1040 or 1040-SR when filed. Mail your Form 1040 or 1040-SR to one of the special addresses designated for those filing Form 2555. Do not mail your Form 1040 or 1040-SR to the addresses associated with your state of residence if Form 2555 is attached. See the Instructions for Form 1040. The filing addresses are also available at IRS.gov/Filing/International-Where-To-File-Form-1040-Addresses-for-Taxpayers-and-Tax-Professionals. Choosing the Exclusion(s) To choose either of the exclusions, complete the appropriate parts of Form 2555 and file it with your Form 1040, 1040-SR, or 1040-X. Your initial choice to claim the exclusion must usually be made on a timely filed return (including extensions) or on a return amending a timely filed return. However, there are exceptions. See Pub. 54 for details. Once you choose to claim the exclusion(s), that choice remains in effect for that year and all future years unless it is revoked. To revoke your choice, you must attach a statement to your return for the first year you don't wish to claim the exclusion(s). If you revoke your choice, you can't claim the exclusion(s) for your next 5 tax years without the approval of the IRS. See Pub. 54 for more information. Note. It is not necessary to affirmatively revoke your choice if you don’t have any foreign earned income. Additional child tax credit. You can't take the additional child tax credit if you claim either of the exclusions or the housing deduction. Earned income credit. You can't take the earned income credit if you claim either of the exclusions or the housing deduction. Foreign tax credit or deduction. You can't take a credit or deduction for foreign income taxes paid or accrued on income that is excluded under either of the exclusions. If all of your foreign earned income is excluded, you can't claim a credit or deduction for the foreign taxes paid or accrued on that income. If only part of your income is excluded, you can't claim a credit or deduction for the foreign taxes allocable to the excluded income. See Pub. 514 for details on how to figure the amount allocable to the excluded income. IRA deduction. If you claim either of the exclusions, special rules apply in figuring the amount of your IRA deduction. For details, see Pub. 590-A. Figuring Tax on Income Not Excluded If you claim either of the exclusions or the housing deduction, you must figure the tax on your nonexcluded income using the tax rates that would have applied had you not claimed the exclusions. See the Instructions for Form 1040 and complete the Foreign Earned Income Tax Worksheet to figure the amount of tax to enter on Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 16. When figuring your alternative minimum tax on Form 6251, you must use the Foreign Earned Income Tax Worksheet in the Instructions for Form 6251. Specific Instructions Part I Line 1. Enter your entire address, including city or town, state or province, country, and ZIP or foreign postal code. If using a military or diplomatic address, include the country in which you are living or stationed. Line 9. Enter your tax home(s) and date(s) established. See Tax home test under Who Qualifies, earlier. You must complete either Part II or Part III of Form 2555, but not both parts. Part II Bona Fide Residence Test To meet this test, you must be one of the following. A U.S. citizen who is a bona fide resident of a foreign country, or countries, for an uninterrupted period that includes an entire tax year (January 1–December 31, if you file a calendar year return). A U.S. resident alien who is a citizen or national of a country with which the United States has an income tax treaty in effect and who is a bona fide resident of a foreign country, or countries, for an uninterrupted period that includes an entire tax year (January 1–December 31, if you file a calendar year return). See Table 3 at IRS.gov/TreatyTables for a list of countries with which the United States has an income tax treaty in effect. Whether you are a bona fide resident of a foreign country depends on your intention about the length and nature of your stay. Evidence of your intention may be your words and acts. If these conflict, your acts carry more weight than your words. Generally, if you go to a foreign country for a definite, temporary purpose and return to the United States after you accomplish it, you aren't a bona fide resident of the foreign country. If accomplishing the purpose requires an extended, indefinite stay, and you make your home in the foreign country, you may be a bona fide resident. See Pub. 54 for more information and examples. Line 10. Enter the dates your bona fide residence began and ended. If you are still a bona fide resident, enter “Continues” in the space for the date your bona fide residence ended. Lines 12a and 12b. If you check “Yes” on line 12a, enter the type(s) of family member(s) and the date(s) they lived with you on line 12b. Acceptable entries for family members on line 12b include child, foster child, grandchild, parent, grandparent, brother, sister, aunt, uncle, nephew, niece, son, daughter, spouse, or other. If you check “No” on line 12a, leave line 12b blank or enter “None.” Lines 13a and 13b. If you submitted a statement of nonresidence to the authorities of a foreign country in which you earned income and the authorities hold that you aren't subject to their income tax laws by reason of nonresidency in the foreign country, you aren't considered a bona fide resident of that country. If you submitted such a statement and the authorities haven't made an adverse determination of your nonresident status, you aren't considered a bona fide resident of that country. Part III Physical Presence Test To meet this test, you must be a U.S. citizen or resident alien who is physically present in a foreign country, or countries, for at least 330 full days during any period of 12 months in a row. A full day means the 24-hour period that starts at midnight. To figure 330 full days, add all separate periods you were present in a foreign country during the 12-month period shown on line 16. The 330 full days can be interrupted by periods when you are traveling over international waters or are otherwise not in a foreign country. See Pub. 54 for more information and examples. Note. A nonresident alien who, with a U.S. citizen or U.S. resident alien spouse, chooses to be taxed as a resident of the United States can qualify under this test if the time requirements are met. See Pub. 54 for details on how to make this choice. Line 16. The 12-month period on which the physical presence test is based must include 365 days (366 days during a leap year), part of which must be in 2024. The dates may begin or end in a calendar year other than 2024. You must enter dates in both spaces provided on line 16. Don't enter “Continues” in the space for the ending date. Part IV Foreign Earned Income Enter in this part the total foreign earned income you earned and received (including income constructively received) during the tax year. If you are a cash basis taxpayer, include in income on Form 1040 or 1040-SR the foreign earned income you received during the tax year regardless of when you earned it. (For example, include wages from Form 1040 or 1040-SR, line 1.) Income is earned in the tax year you perform the services for which you receive the pay. But if you are a cash basis taxpayer and, because of your employer's payroll periods, you received your last salary payment for 2023 in 2024, that income may be treated as earned in 2024. If you cannot treat that salary payment as income earned in 2024, the rules explained under Income earned in prior year, later, apply. See Pub. 54 for more details. Foreign earned income for this purpose means wages, salaries, professional fees, and other compensation received for personal services you performed in a foreign country during the period for which you meet the tax home test and either the bona fide residence test or the physical presence test. It also includes noncash income (such as a home or car) and allowances or reimbursements. Foreign earned income doesn't include amounts that are actually a distribution of corporate earnings or profits rather than a reasonable allowance as compensation for your personal services. Foreign earned income also doesn't include the following types of income. Pension and annuity income (including social security benefits and railroad retirement benefits treated as social security). If you receive a pension from your employment abroad and don't need a social security agreement between the United States and your country of residence to qualify for retirement benefits in either country, the amount of your U.S. benefit may be affected. This is a result of a condition in U.S. Social Security law called the Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP). For more information about the WEP, go to SSA.gov/International/WEP_Intro.html. Interest, ordinary dividends, capital gains, alimony, etc. Amounts paid to you by the U.S. Government or any of its agencies if you were an employee of the U.S. Government or any of its agencies. Amounts received after the end of the tax year following the tax year in which you performed the services. Amounts you must include in gross income because of your employer’s contributions to a nonexempt employees’ trust or to a nonqualified annuity contract. Income received in prior year. Foreign earned income received in 2023 for services you performed in 2024 can be excluded from your 2023 gross income if, and to the extent, the income would have been excludable if you had received it in 2024. To claim the additional exclusion, you must amend your 2023 tax return. To do this, file Form 1040-X. Income earned in prior year. Foreign earned income received in 2024 for services you performed in 2023 can be excluded from your 2024 gross income if, and to the extent, the income would have been excludable if you had received it in 2023. If you are excluding income under this rule, do not include this income in Part IV. Instead, attach a statement to Form 2555 showing how you figured the exclusion. Enter the amount that would have been excludable in 2023 on Form 2555 to the left of line 45. Next to the amount, enter “Exclusion of Income Earned in 2023.” Include it in the total reported on line 45. Note. If you claimed any deduction, credit, or exclusion on your 2023 return that is definitely related to the 2023 foreign earned income you are excluding under this rule, you may have to amend your 2023 income tax return to adjust the amount you claimed. To do this, file Form 1040-X. Line 20. If you engaged in an unincorporated trade or business in which both personal services and capital were material income-producing factors, a reasonable amount of compensation for your personal services will be considered earned income. The amount treated as earned income, however, can't be more than 30% of your share of the net profits from the trade or business after subtracting the deduction for the employer-equivalent portion of self-employment tax. If capital is not an income-producing factor and personal services produced the business income, the 30% rule does not apply. Your entire gross income is earned income. Line 23. List other foreign earned income not included on lines 19 through 22. You can enter “Various” on the dotted lines to the left of the entry space if you have other foreign earned income from multiple sources. Line 25. Enter the value of meals and/or lodging provided by, or on behalf of, your employer that is excludable from your income under section 119. To be excludable, the meals and lodging must have been provided for your employer's convenience and on your employer's business premises. In addition, you must have been required to accept the lodging as a condition of your employment. If you lived in a camp provided by, or on behalf of, your employer, the camp may be considered part of your employer's business premises. See Exclusion of Meals and Lodging in Pub. 54 for details. Part VI Line 28. Enter the total reasonable expenses paid or incurred during the tax year by you, or on your behalf, for your foreign housing and the housing of your spouse and dependents if they lived with you. You can also include the reasonable expenses of a second foreign household (defined later). Housing expenses are considered reasonable to the extent they aren't lavish or extravagant under the circumstances. Housing expenses include rent, utilities (other than telephone charges), real and personal property insurance, nonrefundable fees paid to obtain a lease, rental of furniture and accessories, residential parking, and household repairs. You can also include the fair rental value of housing provided by, or on behalf of, your employer if you haven't excluded it on line 25. Don't include deductible interest and taxes, any amount deductible by a tenant-stockholder in connection with cooperative housing, the cost of buying or improving a house, principal payments on a mortgage, or depreciation on the house. Also, don't include the cost of domestic labor, pay television, or buying furniture or accessories. Include expenses for housing only during periods for which: The value of your housing isn't excluded from gross income under section 119 (unless you maintained a second foreign household, as defined later), and You meet the tax home test and either the bona fide residence or physical presence test. Second foreign household. If you maintained a separate foreign household for your spouse and dependents at a place other than your tax home because the living conditions at your tax home were dangerous, unhealthful, or otherwise adverse, you can include the expenses of the second household on line 28. Married couples. The following rules apply if both you and your spouse qualify for the tax benefits of Form 2555. Same foreign household. If you and your spouse lived in the same foreign household and file a joint return, you must figure your housing amounts (line 33) jointly. If you file separate returns, only one spouse can claim the housing exclusion or deduction. In figuring your housing amount jointly, either spouse (but not both) can claim the housing exclusion or housing deduction. However, if you and your spouse have different periods of residence or presence, and the one with the shorter period of residence or presence claims the exclusion or deduction, you can claim as housing expenses only the expenses for that shorter period. The spouse claiming the exclusion or deduction can aggregate the housing expenses of both spouses, subject to the limit on housing expenses (line 29b), and subtract their base housing amount. Separate foreign households. If you and your spouse lived in separate foreign households, you each can claim qualified expenses for your own household only if: Your tax homes weren't within a reasonable commuting distance of each other, and Each spouse's household wasn't within a reasonable commuting distance of the other spouse's tax home. Otherwise, only one spouse can claim their housing exclusion or deduction. This is true even if you and your spouse file separate returns. See Pub. 54 for additional information. Line 29a. Enter the city or other location (if applicable) and the country where you incurred foreign housing expenses during the tax year only if your location is listed in Notice 2024-31, available at IRS.gov/irb/2024-15_IRB#NOT-2024-31; otherwise, leave this line blank. Line 29b. Your housing expenses may not exceed a certain limit. The limit on housing expenses varies depending upon the location in which you incur housing expenses. In 2024, for most locations, this limit is $37,950 (30% of $126,500) if your qualifying period includes all of 2024 (or $103.69 per day if the number of days in your qualifying period that fall within your 2024 tax year is less than 366). Eligible housing amounts for exclusion and deduction are updated yearly. See Notice 2024-31 for more information. Housing expense limits are based on geographic differences in foreign housing costs relative to housing costs in the United States. They are updated on a yearly basis. See Notice 2024-31 for a list of specific locations. If the location in which you incurred housing expenses is listed in Notice 2024-31, or the number of days in your qualifying period that fall within the 2024 tax year is less than 366, use the Limit on Housing Expenses Worksheet—Line 29b to figure the amount to enter on line 29b. If the location in which you incurred housing expenses is not listed in Notice 2024-31, and the number of days in your qualifying period is 366, enter $37,950 on line 29b. Limit on Housing Expenses Worksheet—Line 29b Note. If the location in which you incurred housing expenses isn't listed in the table in Notice 2024-31, and the number of days in your qualifying period that fall within the 2024 tax year is 366, DO NOT complete this worksheet. Instead, enter $37,950 on line 29b. 1. Enter the number of days in your qualifying period that fall within the 2024 tax year. (See the instructions for line 31.) 1. _____ 2. Did you enter 366 on line 1? No. If the amount on line 1 is less than 366, skip line 2 and go to line 3. Yes. Locate the amount under the column Limitation on Housing Expenses (full year) from the table in Notice 2024-31 for the location in which you incurred housing expenses. This is your limit on housing expenses. Enter the amount here and on line 29b. Also, see Election to apply higher limit on housing expenses, later. Do not complete the rest of this worksheet 2. _____ 3. Enter the amount under the column Limitation on Housing Expenses (daily/366 days) from the table in Notice 2024-31 for the location in which you incurred housing expenses. If the location isn't listed in the table, enter $103.69. Also, see Election to apply higher limit on housing expenses, later 3. _____ 4. Multiply line 1 by line 3. This is your limit on housing expenses. Enter the result here and on line 29b 4. _____ Example. For 2024, because your location is not listed in the table in Notice 2024-31, your limit on housing expenses is $103.69 per day. If you file a calendar year return and your qualifying period is January 1, 2024, to October 2, 2024 (276 days), you would enter $28,618 on line 29b ($103.69 multiplied by 276 days). Election to apply higher limit on housing expenses. For 2023, you could elect to apply the 2024 limits on housing expenses as discussed in section 4 of Notice 2024-31. The IRS and the Treasury Department anticipate that you will also be allowed to make an election to apply the 2025 limits to figure your 2024 limit on housing expenses. The authorization to make the election will be provided in a future annual notice published in the Internal Revenue Bulletin. More than one foreign location. If you moved during the 2024 tax year and incurred housing expenses in more than one foreign location as a result, complete the Limit on Housing Expenses Worksheet—Line 29b for each location in which you incurred housing expenses, entering the number of qualifying days during which you lived in the applicable location on line 1. Add the results shown on line 4 of each worksheet, and enter the total on line 29b. If you moved during the 2024 tax year and are completing more than one Limit on Housing Expenses Worksheet—Line 29b, the total number of days entered on line 1 of your worksheets may not exceed the total number of days in your qualifying period that fall within the 2024 tax year (that is, the number of days entered on Form 2555, line 31). Line 31. Enter the number of days in your qualifying period that fall within your 2024 tax year. Your qualifying period is the period during which you meet the tax home test and either the bona fide residence or physical presence test. Example. You establish a tax home and bona fide residence in a foreign country on August 14, 2024. You maintain the tax home and residence until January 31, 2026. You are a calendar year taxpayer. The number of days in your qualifying period that fall within your 2024 tax year is 140 (August 14 through December 31, 2024). Nontaxable U.S. Government allowances. If you or your spouse received a nontaxable housing allowance as a military or civilian employee of the U.S. Government, see Pub. 54 for information on how that allowance may affect your housing exclusion or deduction. Line 34. Enter any amount your employer paid or incurred on your behalf that is foreign earned income included in your gross income for the tax year (without regard to section 911). Examples of employer-provided amounts are the following. Wages and salaries received from your employer. The fair market value of compensation provided in kind (such as the fair rental value of lodging provided by your employer as long as it isn't excluded on line 25). Rent paid by your employer directly to your landlord. Amounts paid by your employer to reimburse you for housing expenses, for educational expenses of your dependents, or as part of a tax equalization plan. Self-employed individuals. If all of your foreign earned income (Part IV) is self-employment income, skip lines 34 and 35 and enter zero on line 36. If you qualify for the housing deduction, be sure to complete Part IX. Part VII Married couples. If both you and your spouse qualify for, and choose to claim, the foreign earned income exclusion, figure the amount of the exclusion separately for each of you. You each must complete Part VII of your separate Forms 2555. Community income. The amount of the exclusion is not affected by the income-splitting provisions of community property laws. The sum of the amounts figured separately for each of you is the total amount excluded on a joint return. Part VIII If you claim either of the exclusions, you can't claim any deduction, credit, or exclusion that is definitely related to the excluded income. If only part of your foreign earned income is excluded, you must prorate such items based on the ratio that your excludable earned income bears to your total foreign earned income. See Pub. 54 for details on how to figure the amount allocable to the excluded income. The exclusion under section 119 and the housing deduction are not considered definitely related to the excluded income. Line 44. Report in full on Schedule 1 (Form 1040) and related forms and schedules all deductions allowed in figuring your adjusted gross income (Form 1040, line 11). Enter on line 44 the total amount of those deductions (such as the deductible part of self-employment tax, and the expenses claimed on Schedule C (Form 1040)) that aren't allowed because they are allocable to the excluded income. This applies only to deductions definitely related to the excluded earned income. See Pub. 54 for details on how to report your itemized deductions that are allocable to the excluded income. Line 45. Enter the amount from line 45 on Schedule 1 (Form 1040), line 8d. Reduce the other items of additional income by the negative amount on line 8d and enter the total on Schedule 1 (Form 1040), line 9. Enter the amount from line 10 of Schedule 1 (Form 1040) on line 8 of Form 1040 or 1040-SR. If line 10 of Schedule 1 (Form 1040) is a negative number, enter it on line 8 of Form 1040 or 1040-SR in parentheses. Reduce the total of lines 1 through 7 of Form 1040 or 1040-SR by this amount before reporting total income on line 9 of Form 1040 or 1040-SR. Part IX If line 33 is more than line 36 and line 27 is more than line 43, complete this part to figure your housing deduction. Line 49. Use the Housing Deduction Carryover Worksheet—Line 49 to figure your carryover from 2023. 1-year carryover. If the amount on line 46 is more than the amount on line 47, you can carry the difference over to your 2025 tax year. If you cannot deduct the excess in 2025 because of the 2025 limit, you cannot carry it over to any future tax year. Housing Deduction Carryover Worksheet—Line 49 1. Enter the amount from your 2023 Form 2555, line 46 1. _____ 2. Enter the amount from your 2023 Form 2555, line 48 2. _____ 3. Subtract line 2 from line 1. If the result is zero, stop; enter -0- on line 49 of your 2024 Form 2555. You do not have any housing deduction carryover from 2023 3. _____ 4. Enter the amount from your 2024 Form 2555, line 47 4. _____ 5. Enter the amount from your 2024 Form 2555, line 48 5. _____ 6. Subtract line 5 from line 4 6. _____ 7. Enter the smaller of line 3 or line 6 here and on line 49 of your 2024 Form 2555. If line 3 is more than line 6, you cannot carry the difference over to any future tax year 7. _____
